Overview

QWeb is Odoo’s XML-based templating engine used to render backend views, website pages, and PDF reports. It processes XML templates and evaluates Python expressions inside special attributes prefixed with t-.

These t- attributes control logic, iteration, variable assignment, field formatting, dynamic HTML attributes, and template composition. Understanding them is essential for building clean and maintainable Odoo templates.

t-out

Outputs escaped content. This prevents HTML injection and is safe for displaying text.

	​<span t-out="o.name"/>

if o.name is "John Doe", it renders:

	​<span>John Doe</span>

Use this when you want to safely display values.

t-esc

Alias of t-out. It behaves exactly the same.

t-raw

Outputs unescaped HTML. This should only be used when the content is trusted.

	​<div t-raw="o.note"/>

If o.note = "<b>Important</b>", it renders bold text.

Avoid using this with user-generated content.

t-if

Renders the element only if the condition is True.

	​<div t-if="o.state == 'done'">
	​	​Completed
	​</div>

If the condition is False, the element is completely removed from the final output.

t-elif

Used after t-if for additional conditions.

	​<div t-if="o.state == 'draft'">Draft</div>
	​<div t-elif="o.state == 'done'">Done</div>

t-else

Fallback condition.

	​<div t-if="o.amount_total > 0">
	​	​Has Amount
	​</div>
	​<div t-else="">
	​	​No Amount
	​</div>

t-foreach

Iterates over a collection.

	​<tr t-foreach="o.order_line" t-as="line">
   	​	​<td t-out="line.name"/>
   	​	​<td t-out="line.price_unit"/>
	​</tr>

• t-foreach defines the iterable
• t-as defines the loop variable
  

t-set

Defines a variable inside the template.

	​<t t-set="total" t-value="sum(o.order_line.mapped('price_total'))"/>
	​<span t-out="total"/>

Useful for pre-calculations or simplifying expressions.

t-call

Calls another template.

	​<t t-call="web.basic_layout">
	​	​​<div class="page">
	​		​​Content here
		​​</div>
	​</t>

t-field

Renders model fields with automatic formatting based on field type.

	​<span t-field="o.amount_total"/>

Currency formatting is applied automatically.

t-options

Used with t-field to customize rendering.

	​<span t-field="o.amount_total"
	​	​t-options="{'widget': 'monetary', 
	​		​​	​'display_currency': o.currency_id}"
	​/>

t-att-*

Dynamically sets a specific attribute.

	​<img t-att-src="'/web/image/res.partner/%s/image_1920' % o.partner_id.id"/>

Here, the src attribute is generated dynamically.

t-attf-*

Formatted string version of t-att-*.

	​<div t-attf-class="badge badge-#{o.state}">

Useful for composing dynamic class names.

t-att

Assigns multiple attributes dynamically using a dictionary.

	​<div t-att="{'data-id': o.id, 'class': 'custom-class'}"/>

Notes

QWeb t- attributes control every aspect of template rendering in Odoo. They allow:

• Conditional rendering
• Looping through records
• Variable creation
• Template composition
• Field formatting
• Dynamic HTML generation

Mastering them is essential for building advanced reports, backend customizations, and clean Odoo modules!

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